Valorization of Jute Biomass: Performance of Fiber–Cement Composites Extruded with Hybrid Reinforcement (Fibers and Nanofibrils)

In this study, the characteristics of jute fibers and cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) their impacts on mechanical strength were compared, particularly from standpoint application as reinforcement in extruded fiber–cement composites. Raw subjected to an alkaline treatment before being fibrillated into CNFs. The composites produced with (0.5% 2%) CNFs via extrusion process. Both percentages based cement mass. addition, hybrid a mixture produced. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose carboxylic polyether used additives improve mixture’s rheology. natural weathering for 5 months analyzed physical properties. NaOH presented higher initial degradation temperature (Tonset). apparent porosity decreased all compositions studied, reaching 75% reduction sample reinforced 2% Fiber–cement 1.5% + 0.5% exhibited strongest performance. All showed decrease modulus elasticity after weathering. contrast, rupture limit proportionality average gain 1 MPa reinforcements. better performance formulations may be owing synergistic work CNFs, suggesting potential use cement-based